OLED屏幕

OLED即有機發光管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode,OLED)。OLED顯示技術具有自發光、廣視角、幾乎無窮高的對比度、較低功耗、極高反應速度、可用于繞曲性面板、使用溫度范圍廣、構造及制程簡單等有點，被認為是下一代的平面顯示屏新興應用技術。

OLED顯示和傳統的LCD顯示不同，其可以自發光，所以不需要背光燈，這使得OLED顯示屏相對于LCD顯示屏尺寸更薄，同時顯示效果更優。

常用的OLED屏幕有藍色、黃色、白色等幾種。屏的大小為0.96寸，像素點為128*64，所以我們稱為0.96oled屏或者12864屏。

OLED屏幕特點

1.模塊尺寸：23.7 *23.8mm
2.電源電壓：3.3-5.5V
3.驅動芯片：SSD1306
4.測試平臺：提供 k60/k10,9s12XS128,51,stm32，stm8等單片機

OLED屏幕接線說明

OLED屏幕顯存

OLED本身是沒有顯存的，他的現存是依賴SSD1306提供的，而SSD1306提供一塊顯存。

SSD1306顯存總共為128*64bit大小，SSD1306將這些顯存分成了8頁。每頁包含了128個字節。

OLED屏幕原理

STM32內部建立一個緩存(共128*8個字節），每次修改的時候，只是修改STM32上的緩存(實際上就是SRAM)，修改完后一次性把STM32上的緩存數據寫入到OLED的GRAM。

這個方法也有壞處，對于SRAM很小的單片機（51系列）就比較麻煩。

OLED屏幕常用指令

命令0X81: 設置對比度。包含兩個字節，第一個0X81為命令，隨后方法是的一個字節要設置這個對比度，值越大屏幕越亮。

命令0XAE/0XAF: 0XAE為關閉顯示命令，0XAF為開啟顯示命令

0X8D: 包含兩個字節，第一個為命令字，第二個為設置值，第二個字節的BIT2表示電荷泵的開關狀態，該位為1開啟電荷泵，為0則關閉。模塊初始化的時候，這個必須要開啟，否則看不到屏幕顯示。

命令0XB0~B7:用于設置頁地址，其低三位的值對應GRAM頁地址。

命令0X00~0X0F：用于設置顯示時的起始列地址低四位。

命令0X10~0X1F: 用于設置顯示時的起始列地址高四位。

OLED屏幕字模軟件的使用

OLED點陣的點亮方式，舉個顯示”P”的例子，最左邊位最高位P7。

1.可以看出，要想顯示”P”，首先寫入0x1f,則顯示一個豎杠，之后控制器自動水平移動到下一列。

2.再寫入0X05,則出現兩個小橫桿，這個兩個橫桿就是0X05中0000 0101中兩個1所處的位置，寫完第二列后，控制器自動跳到第三列.

3.再寫入0X07,第四列寫入0X00后，P就顯示出來了。這也說明，即使你只想再一列的最上端顯示一個小點，即寫入0X01.

4.即你不能一次性控制一個點陣，只能一次性控制八位點陣，即一列點陣。這也決定了字模選擇的取模方式為“列行式“。

代碼

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"#include "SysTick.h"#include "oled.h"int main(){		unsigned char i = 0;			initSysTick();			I2C_Config();		OLED_Init();		delay_ms(2000);				OLED_Fill(0XFF);  //?á??áá		delay_ms(2000);		OLED_Fill(0X00);  //?á???e		delay_ms(2000);		//		OLED_ShowStr(0, 3, "Hello World", 1);//		OLED_ShowStr(0, 4, "Hello World", 2);		while (1)		{				for(i=0;i<3;i++)				{				    OLED_ShowLJJ(i*16, 0, i);						}		}}

oled.h

#ifndef _OLED_H_#define _OLED_H_#include "stm32f10x.h"#define OLED_ADDRESS 0x78void I2C_Config(void);void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr,uint8_t data);void I2C_WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command);void I2C_WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data);void OLED_Init(void);void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x,unsigned char y);void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data);void OLED_CLS(void);void OLED_ON(void);void OLED_OFF(void);void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char ch[],unsigned TextSize);void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char N);void OLED_ShowMouMou(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char N);#endif

oled.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"#include "oled.h"#include "delay.h"#include "codetab.h"/** *1|?ü￡oI2C???? *2?êy￡ovoid *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void I2C_Config(void){		GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_initStruct;		I2C_InitTypeDef  I2C_initStruct;		  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB ,  ENABLE);		RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1 ,  ENABLE);		//PB6 -- SCL    PB7 -- SDA		GPIO_initStruct.GPIO_Mode  = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;		GPIO_initStruct.GPIO_Pin   = GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;		GPIO_initStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;		GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_initStruct);		I2C_DeInit(I2C1);		I2C_initStruct.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable;                                //ó|′eê?·?ê1?ü		I2C_initStruct.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit;  //μ??·￡?êy?Y??ê??àéù￡?óD7bitoí10bit		I2C_initStruct.I2C_ClockSpeed = 400000;                                 //ê±?ó?ù?è 400Kb	  I2C_initStruct.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2;                         // 2:1 ?ò??16:9??DD		I2C_initStruct.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C;                                 //?￡ê?I2C?￡ê?		I2C_initStruct.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x30;                                  //?÷?úμ??·￡?0x30??±???μ?		I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_initStruct);		I2C_Cmd(I2C1,  ENABLE);}/** *1|?ü￡oI2CD′×??ú *2?êy￡oaddr μ??·￡?data êy?Y *·μ???μ￡ovoid *//* ?aé???????EV8_2?í?±?ó1?±?á?￡?óDwhile?-?·?áμè′yD′íê￡??ùò???±?òa */void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr,uint8_t data){		while( I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));                                 //?ì2éI2C×ü??ê?·?·±?|			I2C_GenerateSTART( I2C1, ENABLE);                                               //?a??I2C1		while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT ));                 //EV5 ?÷?￡ê?			I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, OLED_ADDRESS , I2C_Direction_Transmitter );           //·￠?í?÷?tμ??·		while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED ));   //EV6			I2C_SendData( I2C1 , addr );                                                    //??′??÷μ??·		while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING ));           //EV8			I2C_SendData( I2C1 , data );                                                    //òa·￠?íμ?êy?Y		while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING ));           //EV8 		I2C_GenerateSTOP( I2C1, ENABLE );                                               //1?±?I2C×ü??}/** *1|?ü￡oD′?üá? *2?êy￡oI2C_Command DèòaD′è?μ??üá? *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command){		I2C_WriteByte(0x00,I2C_Command);}/** *1|?ü￡oD′êy?Y *2?êy￡oI2C_Data DèòaD′è?μ?êy?Y *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data){		I2C_WriteByte(0x40,I2C_Data);}/** *1|?ü￡o3?ê??ˉOLED *2?êy￡ovoid *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void OLED_Init(void){    	delay_ms(100);		WriteCmd(0xAE); //display off		WriteCmd(0x20);	//Set Memory Addressing Mode			WriteCmd(0x10);	//00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,Invalid		WriteCmd(0xb0);	//Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7		WriteCmd(0xc8);	//Set COM Output Scan Direction		WriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column address		WriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column address		WriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line address		WriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control register		WriteCmd(0xff); //áá?èμ÷?ú 0x00~0xff		WriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127		WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal display		WriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)		WriteCmd(0x3F); //		WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM content		WriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offset		WriteCmd(0x00); //-not offset		WriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency		WriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratio		WriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge period		WriteCmd(0x22); //		WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configuration		WriteCmd(0x12);		WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomh		WriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVcc		WriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enable		WriteCmd(0x14); //		WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel}/** *1|?ü￡oéè??×?±ê *2?êy￡ox x?á￡?y y?á *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x,unsigned char y){		WriteCmd(0xb0 + y);		WriteCmd((x&0xf0)>>4|0x10);		WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x01);}/** *1|?ü￡oè??áì?3? *2?êy￡oFill_Data Dèòaì?3?μ?êy?Y *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data){		unsigned char n;		unsigned char m;			for(m=0;m<8;m++)		{				WriteCmd(0xb0 + m);				WriteCmd(0x00);				WriteCmd(0x10);							for(n=0;n<128;n++)				{						WriteData(Fill_Data);				}		}}/** *1|?ü￡o???á *2?êy￡ovoid *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void OLED_CLS(void){		OLED_Fill(0x00);}/** *1|?ü￡o?a??OLED *2?êy￡ovoid *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void OLED_ON(void){		WriteCmd(0x8D); //éè??μ?oé±?		WriteCmd(0x14); //?a??μ?oé±?		WriteCmd(0xAF); //?a????ê?}/** *1|?ü￡o1?±?OLED *2?êy￡ovoid *·μ???μ￡ovoid */void OLED_OFF(void){		WriteCmd(0x8D); //éè??μ?oé±?		WriteCmd(0x10); //1?±?μ?oé±?		WriteCmd(0xAE); //1?±???ê?}void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char ch[],unsigned TextSize){		unsigned char c = 0;		unsigned char i = 0;		unsigned char j = 0;			switch(TextSize) //?????￡ê?		{			case 1:			{					while(ch[j] != "/0") //?D??ê?·?μ?′?×?oóò???					{							c = ch[j] - 32; //′óD?D′×a??														if(x > 126) //?D???á??ê?·?·?μ???,OLEDê?128*8×??ú							{									x = 0;									y++;							}														OLED_SetPos(x,y);//éè??×?±ê														for(i=0;i<6;i++)							{									WriteData(F6x8[c][i]);								}														x+=6;							j++;					}			}break;						case 2:			{					while(ch[j] != "/0")  //?D??ê?·?μ?′?×?oóò???					{							c = ch[j] - 32;   //′óD?D′×a??														if(x > 120)       //?D???á??ê?·?·?μ???,OLEDê?128*8×??ú							{									x = 0;									y++;							}														OLED_SetPos(x,y); //éè??×?±ê														for(i=0;i<8;i++)  //òò?aê?16????μ??ùò?·??aá???8??à′D′￡??aê?é?°?2?·?							{									WriteData(F8X16[c*16+i]);							}														OLED_SetPos(x,y+1); //éè??×?±ê è?1??aà?éè??μ?ê?y2?ê?y+1?áμ?????ê?μ?×?·?′?????ê?ò?°?														for(i=0;i<8;i++)  //ì?×aμ???ò?ò3￡??aê???°?2?·?							{									WriteData(F8X16[c*16+i+8]);							}														x+=8;							j++;												}			}break;							}}	void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char N){		unsigned char i;		unsigned int addr = 32*N;		OLED_SetPos(x,y);			for(i=0;i<16;i++)		{				WriteData(F16X16[addr]);				addr += 1;		}				OLED_SetPos(x,y+1);		for(i=0;i<16;i++)		{				WriteData(F16X16[addr]);				addr += 1;		}}	void OLED_ShowMouMou(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char N){		unsigned char i;		unsigned int addr = 32*N;		OLED_SetPos(x,y);			for(i=0;i<16;i++)		{				WriteData(MouMou[addr]);				addr += 1;		}				OLED_SetPos(x,y+1);		for(i=0;i<16;i++)		{				WriteData(MouMou[addr]);				addr += 1;		}		}	

codetab.h

//unsigned char F16X16[] =//{//		0x10,0x60,0x02,0x8C,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,//		0x04,0x04,0x7E,0x01,0x40,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x42,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x40,0x00,/*"???è",0*///		0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFC,0x25,0x26,0x24,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x00,//		0x40,0x30,0x8F,0x80,0x84,0x4C,0x55,0x25,0x25,0x25,0x55,0x4C,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,/*"êa?è",1*///};unsigned char F16X16[] ={		0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30,0x00,0x00,		0x00,0x0F,0x04,0x04,0x0F,0x08,0x0A,0x09,0x09,0x09,0xFF,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x08,0x00,/*"?è",0*/		0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30,0x00,0x00,		0x00,0x0F,0x04,0x04,0x0F,0x08,0x0A,0x09,0x09,0x09,0xFF,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x08,0x00,/*"?è",1*/};unsigned char MouMou[] ={		0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30,0x00,0x00,		0x00,0x0F,0x04,0x04,0x0F,0x08,0x0A,0x09,0x09,0x09,0xFF,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x08,0x00,/*"?è",0*/		0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30
                 

                                                                                                                    
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