0.前言

所有應(yīng)用程序都需要處理輸入和輸出，文件是用于獲取輸入和保存輸出的常用載體，文件可以是文本文檔、圖片、程序等等，我們就通過(guò) 10 道 Python 編程題來(lái)掌握解決常見(jiàn)文件處理問(wèn)題的方法吧！

1. 第 1 題：文件路徑名的處理

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：使用路徑名來(lái)獲取文件名,目錄名,絕對(duì)路徑。
問(wèn)題描述：有一文件路徑如下：“/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py”，請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出可以獲取文件名 “hello_world.py” 的選項(xiàng)：
A.

import ospath = "/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py"file_name = os.path.dirname(path)print(file_name)

B.

import ospath = "/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py"file_name = os.path.abspath(path)print(file_name)

C.

import ospath = "/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py"file_name = os.path.basename(path)print(file_name)

D.

import ospath = "/home/brainiac/Documents/csdn/hello_world.py"file_name = os.path.splitext(path)[-1]print(file_name)

正確答案： C

2. 第 2 題：檢測(cè)文件是否存在

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：檢測(cè)指定文件或目錄是否存在。
問(wèn)題描述：請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出可以檢測(cè) “/etc/passwd” 文件是否存在的選項(xiàng)：
A.

import osexist = os.path.exists("etc/passwd")print(exist)

B.

import osexist = os.path.isdir("etc/passwd")print(exist)

C.

import osexist = os.path.isdir("/etc/passwd")print(exist)

D.

import osexist = os.path.isfile("/etc/passwd")print(exist)

正確答案： D

3. 第 3 題：獲取指定文件夾下的文件列表

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：獲取文件系統(tǒng)中指定目錄下的所有文件列表。
問(wèn)題描述：獲取 “/etc” 目錄中所有 python 文件(以 “.py” 作為文件后綴)列表，請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出你認(rèn)為正確的選項(xiàng)：
A.

import ospath = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"names = [name for name in os.listdir(path)]print(names)

B.

import ospath = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"names = [name for name in os.listdir(path) if name.endswith(".py")]print(names)

C.

import ospath = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"names = [name for name in os.listdir(path) if os.path.isfile(name) and name.endswith(".py")]print(names)

D.

import ospath = "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages"names = [name for name in os.listdir(path) if name.endswith("*.py")]print(names)

正確答案： B

4. 第 4 題：文本文件的讀寫(xiě)

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：讀寫(xiě)使用不同編碼方式的文本文件。
問(wèn)題描述：假設(shè)存在一文件 “text_1.txt”，如何向其中再添加兩行新數(shù)據(jù)，請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出你認(rèn)為正確的選項(xiàng)：
A.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"new_line_2 = "New line 2"with open("text_1.txt", "rt") as f:    f.write(new_line_1+"/n")    f.write(new_line_2+"/n")

B.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"new_line_2 = "New line 2"with open("text_1.txt", "at") as f:    f.write(new_line_1)    f.write(new_line_2)

C.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"new_line_2 = "New line 2"with open("text_1.txt", "wt") as f:    f.write(new_line_1+"/n")    f.write(new_line_2+"/n")

D.

new_line_1 = "New line 1"new_line_2 = "New line 2"with open("text_1.txt", "at") as f:    f.write(new_line_1+"/n")    f.write(new_line_2+"/n")

正確答案： D

5. 第 5 題：將打印輸出到文件中

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：將 print() 函數(shù)的輸出重定向到指定日志文件中。
問(wèn)題描述：將當(dāng)前時(shí)間寫(xiě)入日志文件 “l(fā)og.txt” 中，并記錄函數(shù)執(zhí)行結(jié)果，請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出你認(rèn)為正確的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetimedef hello_world(num):    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)for i in range(10):    with open("log.txt", "at") as f:        print(str(datetime.today()) + "/t" + hello_world(i), file=f)

B.

from datetime import datetimedef hello_world(num):    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)for i in range(10):    with open("log.txt", "at") as f:        print(datetime.today() + "/t" + hello_world(i), file=f)

C.

from datetime import datetimedef hello_world(num):    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)for i in range(10):    with open("log.txt", "wt") as f:        print(datetime.today() + "/t" + hello_world(i))

D.

from datetime import datetimedef hello_world(num):    return "Hello world {}!".format(num)for i in range(10):    with open("log.txt", "wt") as f:        print(str(datetime.today()) + "/t" + hello_world(i), file=f)

正確答案： A

6. 第 6 題：二進(jìn)制文件的讀寫(xiě)

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：讀寫(xiě)二進(jìn)制文件，如圖片、聲音文件等。
問(wèn)題描述：已知存在二進(jìn)制文件 “test.bin”，如何正確向此文件追加寫(xiě)入文本數(shù)據(jù)，請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出你認(rèn)為正確的答案：
A.

with open("test.bin", "at") as f:    text = "Hello World!/n"    f.write(text)

B.

with open("test.bin", "wb") as f:    text = "Hello World!/n"    f.write(text.encode("utf-8"))

C.

with open("test.bin", "ab") as f:    text = "Hello World!/n"    f.write(text.encode("utf-8"))

D.

with open("test.bin", "ab") as f:    text = "Hello World!/n"    f.write(text)

正確答案： C

7. 第 7 題：壓縮文件的讀寫(xiě)

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：讀寫(xiě) gzip 或 bz2 格式的壓縮文件。
問(wèn)題描述：請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選擇能夠?qū)⑽谋疚募?“text.txt” 內(nèi)容寫(xiě)入壓縮文件 “compress.gz” 的程序，且要求壓縮程度最佳：
A.

import gziptext = "text.txt"with gzip.open("compress.gz", "wt", compresslevel = 9) as f:    f.write(text)

B.

import gziptext = "text.txt"with gzip.open("compress.gz", "wt", compresslevel = 0) as f:    f.write(text)

C.

import gziptext = "text.txt"with open(text, "rt") as file:    read_text = file.read()    with gzip.open("compress.gz", "wt", compresslevel = 9) as f:        f.write(read_text)

D.

import gziptext = "text.txt"with open(text, "rt") as file:    read_text = file.read()    with gzip.open("compress.gz", "wt", compresslevel = 0) as f:        f.write(read_text)

正確答案：C

8. 第 8 題：以固定數(shù)據(jù)塊大小讀取文件

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：以固定長(zhǎng)度數(shù)據(jù)塊長(zhǎng)度迭代讀取文件，而非逐行讀取。
問(wèn)題描述：存在一文件 “test.bin”，編寫(xiě)程序每次讀取數(shù)據(jù)塊大小為 16B，直到文件末尾：
A.

from functools import partialRECORD_SIZE = 16with open("test.bin", "rt") as f:    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), b"")    for r in records:        print(r)

B.

from functools import partialRECORD_SIZE = 16with open("test.bin", "rb") as f:    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), b"")    for r in records:        print(r)

C.

from functools import partialRECORD_SIZE = 16 * 8with open("test.bin", "rt") as f:    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), b"")    for r in records:        print(r)

D.

from functools import partialRECORD_SIZE = 16with open("test.bin", "rt") as f:    records = iter(partial(f.read, RECORD_SIZE), "")    for r in records:        print(r)

正確答案：B

9. 第 9 題：增加或改變已打開(kāi)文件的編碼方式

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：在不關(guān)閉已打開(kāi)文件前提下改變文件的編碼方式。
問(wèn)題描述：如何為一個(gè)以二進(jìn)制模式打開(kāi)的文件添加 “utf-8” 編碼方式，請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出你認(rèn)為正確的答案：
A.

import urllib.requestimport iowith urllib.request.urlopen("https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611") as u:    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u, encoding = "utf-8")    text = f.read()print(text)

B.

import urllib.requestimport iowith urllib.request.urlopen("https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611") as u:    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u.read(), encoding = "utf-8")    text = f.read()print(text)

C.

import urllib.requestimport iowith urllib.request.urlopen("https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611") as u:    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u.detach(), encoding = "utf-8")    text = f.read()print(text)

D.

import urllib.requestimport iowith urllib.request.urlopen("https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611") as u:    f = io.TextIOWrapper(u).encoding="utf-8"    text = f.read()print(text)

正確答案：A

10. 第 10 題：臨時(shí)文件與文件夾的創(chuàng)建

知識(shí)點(diǎn)描述：在程序執(zhí)行時(shí)創(chuàng)建臨時(shí)文件或目錄，并在使用后自動(dòng)銷毀。
問(wèn)題描述：創(chuàng)建一個(gè)命名臨時(shí)文件，向文件中寫(xiě)入 “Hello Python!” 后打印文件名，請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)中選出你認(rèn)為正確的答案：
A.

from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFilewith NamedTemporaryFile("text.txt", "wt") as f:    f.write("Hello Python!/n")    print(f.name)

B.

from tempfile import TemporaryFilewith TemporaryFile("text.txt", "wt") as f:    f.write("Hello Python!/n")    print(f.name)

C.

from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFilewith NamedTemporaryFile("wt") as f:    f.write("Hello Python!/n")    print(f.name)

D.

from tempfile import TemporaryFilewith TemporaryFile("wt") as f:    f.write("Hello Python!/n")    print(f.name)

正確答案：C

試題代碼地址

https://codechina.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611/python_problem