摘要:如果子樹(shù)中有目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn),標(biāo)記為那個(gè)目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn),如果沒(méi)有,標(biāo)記為。顯然,如果左子樹(shù)右子樹(shù)都有標(biāo)記,說(shuō)明就已經(jīng)找到最小公共祖先了。如果在根節(jié)點(diǎn)為的左右子樹(shù)中找的公共祖先,則必定是本身。只有一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)正好左子樹(shù)有,右子樹(shù)也有的時(shí)候,才是最小公共祖先。
Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree 最新更新請(qǐng)見(jiàn):https://yanjia.me/zh/2019/02/...
二分法 復(fù)雜度Given a binary search tree (BST), find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the BST.
According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes v and w as the lowest node in T that has both v and w as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”
_______6______ / ___2__ ___8__ / / 0 _4 7 9 / 3 5For example, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of nodes 2 and 8 is 6. Another example is LCA of nodes 2 and 4 is 2, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.
時(shí)間 O(h) 空間 O(h) 遞歸??臻g
思路對(duì)于二叉搜索樹(shù),公共祖先的值一定大于等于較小的節(jié)點(diǎn),小于等于較大的節(jié)點(diǎn)。換言之,在遍歷樹(shù)的時(shí)候,如果當(dāng)前結(jié)點(diǎn)大于兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn),則結(jié)果在當(dāng)前結(jié)點(diǎn)的左子樹(shù)里,如果當(dāng)前結(jié)點(diǎn)小于兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn),則結(jié)果在當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)的右子樹(shù)里。
代碼public class Solution { public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) { if(root.val > p.val && root.val > q.val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q); if(root.val < p.val && root.val < q.val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q); return root; } }Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree 最新更新請(qǐng)見(jiàn):https://yanjia.me/zh/2019/02/...
深度優(yōu)先標(biāo)記 復(fù)雜度Given a binary tree, find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the tree.
According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes v and w as the lowest node in T that has both v and w as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”
_______3______ / ___5__ ___1__ / / 6 _2 0 8 / 7 4For example, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of nodes 5 and 1 is 3. Another example is LCA of nodes 5 and 4 is 5, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.
時(shí)間 O(h) 空間 O(h) 遞歸棧空間
思路我們可以用深度優(yōu)先搜索,從葉子節(jié)點(diǎn)向上,標(biāo)記子樹(shù)中出現(xiàn)目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)的情況。如果子樹(shù)中有目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn),標(biāo)記為那個(gè)目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn),如果沒(méi)有,標(biāo)記為null。顯然,如果左子樹(shù)、右子樹(shù)都有標(biāo)記,說(shuō)明就已經(jīng)找到最小公共祖先了。如果在根節(jié)點(diǎn)為p的左右子樹(shù)中找p、q的公共祖先,則必定是p本身。
換個(gè)角度,可以這么想:如果一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)左子樹(shù)有兩個(gè)目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)中的一個(gè),右子樹(shù)沒(méi)有,那這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)肯定不是最小公共祖先。如果一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)右子樹(shù)有兩個(gè)目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)中的一個(gè),左子樹(shù)沒(méi)有,那這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)肯定也不是最小公共祖先。只有一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)正好左子樹(shù)有,右子樹(shù)也有的時(shí)候,才是最小公共祖先。
代碼public class Solution { public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) { //發(fā)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)則通過(guò)返回值標(biāo)記該子樹(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)了某個(gè)目標(biāo)結(jié)點(diǎn) if(root == null || root == p || root == q) return root; //查看左子樹(shù)中是否有目標(biāo)結(jié)點(diǎn),沒(méi)有為null TreeNode left = lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q); //查看右子樹(shù)是否有目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn),沒(méi)有為null TreeNode right = lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q); //都不為空,說(shuō)明做右子樹(shù)都有目標(biāo)結(jié)點(diǎn),則公共祖先就是本身 if(left!=null&&right!=null) return root; //如果發(fā)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn),則繼續(xù)向上標(biāo)記為該目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn) return left == null ? right : left; } }
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