移動(dòng)端orm框架性能測(cè)評(píng)

Jacendfeng 發(fā)布于2019-08-16 18:32 / 1035人閱讀

摘要：移動(dòng)端框架性能測(cè)評(píng)發(fā)布以來(lái)，不少團(tuán)隊(duì)試用了，我發(fā)現(xiàn)大家對(duì)這類數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相關(guān)的庫(kù)，第一反應(yīng)就是性能如何，之前確實(shí)沒做太多行業(yè)對(duì)比，最近覺得還是有必要做一下性能測(cè)試，給大家一個(gè)交代的。我會(huì)用跟上面提到的和端框架做對(duì)比。

移動(dòng)端orm框架性能測(cè)評(píng)

flutter_orm_plugin 發(fā)布以來(lái)，不少團(tuán)隊(duì)試用了，我發(fā)現(xiàn)大家對(duì)這類數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相關(guān)的庫(kù)，第一反應(yīng)就是性能如何，之前確實(shí)沒做太多行業(yè)對(duì)比，最近覺得還是有必要做一下性能測(cè)試，給大家一個(gè)交代的。

在ios端，業(yè)界比較常用的orm框架應(yīng)該是蘋果官方推出的coredata，還有就是realm了。在android端orm框架我挑了三個(gè)比較常用的，greendao，realm和activeandroid。我會(huì)用flutter_orm_plugin跟上面提到的ios和android端orm框架做對(duì)比。下面我會(huì)分別給出測(cè)試用例，測(cè)試代碼，還有最終數(shù)據(jù)比較的結(jié)果。

測(cè)試用例

測(cè)試用例我列了以下這些

10000次插入數(shù)據(jù)

使用批量接口10000次插入數(shù)據(jù)

10000次讀取數(shù)據(jù)

10000次修改數(shù)據(jù)

使用批量接口10000次修改數(shù)據(jù)

10000次刪除數(shù)據(jù)

使用批量接口10000次刪除數(shù)據(jù)

為什么會(huì)有普通插入數(shù)據(jù)和使用批量接口插入數(shù)據(jù)的區(qū)別，大部分orm框架都會(huì)對(duì)批量操作有一定的優(yōu)化，所以需要對(duì)批量操作進(jìn)行測(cè)試，但是在平時(shí)使用，不一定都能用上批量接口（例如多次數(shù)據(jù)操作不在同一代碼塊，或者在不同的模塊中都要操作數(shù)據(jù)），所以我們會(huì)分別對(duì)普通操作和批量操作進(jìn)行測(cè)試。

android 測(cè)試代碼

首先我們給出flutter_orm_plugin 的測(cè)試代碼，由于不想因?yàn)閒lutter和原生channel通訊產(chǎn)生誤差，我們直接用Luakit來(lái)寫lua代碼做測(cè)試（greendao、realm、activeandroid、coredata都不涉及flutter和原生channel通訊），flutter_orm_plugin其實(shí)底層就是luakit的orm框架，這個(gè)不影響測(cè)試準(zhǔn)確性。

循環(huán)插入

Luakit定義orm模型結(jié)構(gòu)并做10000次插入，下面的代碼是ios和android通用的。

    local Student = {
        __dbname__ = "test.db",
        __tablename__ = "Student",
        studentId = {"TextField",{primary_key = true}},
        name = {"TextField",{}},
        claName = {"TextField",{}},
        teacherName = {"TextField",{}},
        score = {"RealField",{}},
    }
     
    local params = {
        name = "Student",
        args = Student,
    }
    
    Table.addTableInfo(params,function ()
        local studentTable = Table("Student”)
        for i=1,10000 do
               local s = {
                   studentId = "studentId"..i,
                   name = "name"..i,
                   claName = "claName"..i,
                   teacherName = "teacherName"..i,
                   score = 90,
               }
               studentTable(s):save()
        end
     end)

activeandroid定義orm模型結(jié)構(gòu)并做10000次插入

@Table(name = "Students")
public class Student extends Base {
    @Column(name = "studentId")
    public String studentId;
    @Column(name = "name")
    public String name;
    @Column(name = "claName")
    public String claName;
    @Column(name = "teacherName")
    public String teacherName;
    @Column(name = "score")
    public float score;
    public Student() {
        super();
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.studentId;
    }
}

for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
    Student s = new Student();
    s.studentId = "studentId"+i;
    s.name = "name"+i;
    s.teacherName = "teacherName"+i;
    s.claName = "claName"+i;
    s.score = 90;
    s.save();
    ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
    ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
}

realm android 定義orm模型結(jié)構(gòu)并做10000次插入

public class StudentRealm extends RealmObject {
    @PrimaryKey
    private String studentId;
    @Required
    private String name;
    @Required
    private String teacherName;
    @Required
    private String claName;
    private float score;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getClaName() {
        return claName;
    }
    public void setClaName(String ClaName) {
        this.claName = claName;
    }
    public String getTeacherName() {
        return teacherName;
    }
    public void setTeacherName(String teacherName) {
        this.teacherName = teacherName;
    }
    public String getStudentId() {
        return studentId;
    }
    public void setStudentId(String id) {
        this.studentId = id;
    }
    public float getScore() {
        return score;
    }
    public void setScore(float score) {
        this.score = score;
    }
}
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    realm.beginTransaction();
    StudentRealm realmStudent = realm.createObject(StudentRealm.class,"studentId"+i);
    realmStudent.setName("name"+i);
    realmStudent.setTeacherName("setTeacherName"+i);
    realmStudent.setClaName("setClaName"+i);
    realmStudent.setScore(90);
    realm.commitTransaction();
}

GreenDao定義orm模型結(jié)構(gòu)并做10000次插入

@Entity()
public class Student {
    @Id
    private String studentId;
    @NotNull
    private String name;
    private String claName;
    private String teacherName;
    private float score;
    @Generated(hash = 1491230551)
    public Student(String studentId, @NotNull String name, String claName, String teacherName,
            float score) {
        this.studentId = studentId;
        this.name = name;
        this.claName = claName;
        this.teacherName = teacherName;
        this.score = score;
    }

    @Generated(hash = 1556870573)
    public Student() {
    }

    public String getStudentId() {
        return studentId;
    }
    public void setStudentId(String studentId) {
        this.studentId = studentId;
    }
    @NotNull
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    /** Not-null value; ensure this value is available before it is saved to the database. */
    public void setName(@NotNull String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getClaName() {
        return claName;
    }
    public void setClaName(String claName) {
        this.claName = claName;
    }
    public String getTeacherName() {
        return teacherName;
    }
    public void setTeacherName(String teacherName) {
        this.teacherName = teacherName;
    }
    public float getScore() {
        return score;
    }
    public void setScore(float score) {
        this.score = score;
    }
}

DaoSession daoSession = ((App) getApplication()).getDaoSession();

StudentDao sd = daoSession.getStudentDao();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
    Student s = new Student();
    s.setStudentId("StudentId"+i);
    s.setClaName("getClaName"+i);
    s.setScore(90);
    s.setName("name"+i);
    s.setTeacherName("tn"+i);
    sd.insertOrReplace(s);
}

批量插入

Luakit沒有提供批量插入接口。

active android批量插入10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    Student s = new Student();
    s.studentId = "studentId"+i;
    s.name = "name"+i;
    s.teacherName = "teacherName"+i;
    s.claName = "claName"+i;
    s.score = 90;
    s.save();
}
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();

realm android批量插入10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance();
realm.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    StudentRealm realmStudent = realm.createObject(StudentRealm.class,"studentId"+i);
    realmStudent.setName("name"+i);
    realmStudent.setTeacherName("setTeacherName"+i);
    realmStudent.setClaName("setClaName"+i);
    realmStudent.setScore(90);
}
realm.commitTransaction();

GreenDao批量插入10000條數(shù)據(jù)

DaoSession daoSession = ((App) getApplication()).getDaoSession();
StudentDao sd = daoSession.getStudentDao();
ArrayList ss = new ArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
    Student s = new Student();
    s.setStudentId("StudentId"+i);
    s.setClaName("getClaName"+i);
    s.setScore(90);
    s.setName("name"+i);
    s.setTeacherName("tn"+i);
    ss.add(s);
}
sd.insertOrReplaceInTx(ss);

數(shù)據(jù)查詢

Luakit做10000次查詢，下面的代碼是ios和android通用的。

local studentTable = Table("Student")
for i=1,10000 do
     local result = studentTable.get:where({"studentId"..i},"studentId = ?"):all()
end

active android做10000次查詢。

for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    List student = new Select()
            .from(Student.class)
            .where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i)
            .execute();
}

realm android 做10000次查詢。

for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    RealmResults students = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findAll();
    List list = realm.copyFromRealm(students);
}

GreenDao 做10000次查詢

DaoSession daoSession = ((App) getApplication()).getDaoSession();
StudentDao sd = daoSession.getStudentDao();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
    List s = sd.queryBuilder()
            .where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
            .list();
}

循環(huán)更新

Luakit做10000次更新。

local studentTable = Table("Student")
for i=1,10000 do
    local result = studentTable.get:where({"studentId"..i},"studentId = ?"):update({name = "name2”})
end

active android做10000次更新。

for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
    Update update = new Update(Student.class);
    update.set("name = ?","name2")
            .where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i)
            .execute();
    ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
    ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
}

realm android做10000次更新。

for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    realm.beginTransaction();
    StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
    student.setClaName("ClaName"+(i+1));
    realm.copyToRealmOrUpdate(student);
    realm.commitTransaction();
}

GreenDao做10000次更新。

for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
    List s = sd.queryBuilder()
            .where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
            .list();
    s.get(0).setName("name2");
    sd.update(s.get(0));
}

批量更新

Luakit沒有批量更新接口。

active android批量更新10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    Update update = new Update(Student.class);
    update.set("name = ?","name2")
            .where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i)
            .execute();
}
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();

realm android批量更新10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

realm.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
    student.setClaName("ClaName"+(i+1));
    realm.copyToRealmOrUpdate(student);
}
realm.commitTransaction();

GreenDao批量更新10000條數(shù)據(jù)

ArrayList ss = new ArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
    List s = sd.queryBuilder()
            .where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
            .list();
    s.get(0).setName("name2");
    ss.add(s.get(0));
}
sd.updateInTx(ss);

循環(huán)刪除

Luakit做10000次刪除操作。

local studentTable = Table("Student")
for i=1,10000 do
     studentTable.get:where({"studentId"..i},"studentId = ?"):delete()
end

active android做10000次刪除操作。

for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
    new Delete().from(Student.class).where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i).execute();
    ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
    ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();
}

realm android做10000次刪除操作。

for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    realm.beginTransaction();
    StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
    student.deleteFromRealm();
    realm.commitTransaction();
}

GreenDao做10000次刪除操作。

for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
    List s = sd.queryBuilder()
            .where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
            .list();
    s.get(0).setName("name2");
    sd.delete(s.get(0));
}

批量刪除

Luakit沒有批量刪除接口。

active android批量刪除10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

ActiveAndroid.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    new Delete().from(Student.class).where("studentId = ?", "studentId"+i).execute();
}
ActiveAndroid.setTransactionSuccessful();
ActiveAndroid.endTransaction();

realm android批量刪除10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

realm.beginTransaction();
for (int i=0 ; i<10000 ;i++) {
    StudentRealm student = realm.where(StudentRealm.class).equalTo("studentId", "studentId"+i).findFirst();
    student.deleteFromRealm();
}
realm.commitTransaction();

GreenDao批量刪除10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

ArrayList ss = new ArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
    List s = sd.queryBuilder()
            .where(StudentDao.Properties.StudentId.eq("StudentId"+i))
            .list();
    ss.add(s.get(0));
}
sd.deleteInTx(ss);

android 測(cè)試結(jié)果及分析

下面給出測(cè)試結(jié)果，表格中所有數(shù)據(jù)的單位是秒，即做10000次操作需要的秒數(shù)。

可以看到，active android各項(xiàng)性能都一般。

在使用批量接口的情況下GreenDao和Realm的性能比較好。

在使用批量接口的情況下Realm的性能尤其好，批量插入、查詢、批量更改、批量刪除都是Realm的性能最好，但是Realm的非批量接口性能較差，所有可以這樣總結(jié)，如果代碼高內(nèi)聚，可以把數(shù)據(jù)操作代碼入口都統(tǒng)一使用，Realm性能是最好的，但這對(duì)代碼質(zhì)量、模塊設(shè)計(jì)有要求，當(dāng)操作數(shù)據(jù)的代碼到處都有，不能使用批量接口時(shí)，Realm的性能是不好的。

Luakit沒有提供批量接口，但從圖中可以看出，Luakit的各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)都是比較好的，而且對(duì)代碼沒有要求，即使操作數(shù)據(jù)的代碼不內(nèi)聚，也不會(huì)對(duì)性能有影響。

ios測(cè)試代碼

Luakit是跨平臺(tái)的，代碼跟android一樣，下面就不列了，只給出Coredata和 Realm ios

循環(huán)插入

Coredata 定義orm模型結(jié)構(gòu)并做10000次插入

@interface Student (CoreDataProperties)

+ (NSFetchRequest *)fetchRequest;

@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *claName;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic) float score;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *studentId;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *teacherName;

@end

self.context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSMainQueueConcurrencyType];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    Student *s = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Student" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
    s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];
    s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
    s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
    s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
    s.score = 90;
    NSError *error = nil;
    [self.context save:&error];
}

Realm ios定義orm模型結(jié)構(gòu)并做10000次插入

@interface StudentRLM : RLMObject

@property NSString *studentId;
@property NSString *name;
@property NSString *teacherName;
@property NSString *claName;
@property float score;

@end



for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    [realm beginWriteTransaction];
    StudentRLM *s = [[StudentRLM alloc] init];
    s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];;
    s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
    s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
    s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
    s.score = 90;
    [realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
    [realm commitWriteTransaction];
    [realm beginWriteTransaction];
}

批量插入

Coredata 批量插入10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    Student *s = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Student" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
    s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];
    s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
    s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
    s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
    s.score = 90;
    
}
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];

Realm ios批量插入10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

[realm beginWriteTransaction];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    StudentRLM *s = [[StudentRLM alloc] init];
    s.studentId = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId%d",i];;
    s.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name%d",i];
    s.teacherName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"teacherName%d",i];
    s.claName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"claName%d",i];
    s.score = 90;
    [realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
}
[realm commitWriteTransaction];
[realm beginWriteTransaction];

查詢

Coredata 做10000次查詢。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Student"];
    request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d""];
    NSArray *objs = [self.context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
}

Realm ios做10000次查詢。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    RLMResults *results  = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d"",i]];
    StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
}

循環(huán)更新

Coredata 做10000次更新。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    NSBatchUpdateRequest *batchUpdateRequest = [[NSBatchUpdateRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Student"];
    batchUpdateRequest.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d""];
    batchUpdateRequest.propertiesToUpdate = @{@"name" : @"name2"};
    batchUpdateRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
    NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchUpdateRequest error:&error];
    NSError *error = nil;
    [self.context save:&error];
}

Realm ios做10000次更新。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    [realm beginWriteTransaction];
    RLMResults *results  = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d"",i]];
    NSLog(@"results %lu",(unsigned long)[results count]);
    StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
    [s setName:@"name"];
    [realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
    [realm commitWriteTransaction];
}

批量更新

Coredata 批量更新10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    NSBatchUpdateRequest *batchUpdateRequest = [[NSBatchUpdateRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Student"];
    batchUpdateRequest.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d""];
    batchUpdateRequest.propertiesToUpdate = @{@"name" : @"name2"};
    batchUpdateRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
    NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchUpdateRequest error:&error];
}
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];

Realm ios批量更新10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

[realm beginWriteTransaction];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    RLMResults *results  = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d"",i]];
    NSLog(@"results %lu",(unsigned long)[results count]);
    StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
    [s setName:@"name”];
    [realm addOrUpdateObject:s];
}
[realm commitWriteTransaction];

循環(huán)刪除

Coredata 做10000次刪除操作。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Student"];
    request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d""];
    NSBatchDeleteRequest *batchRequest = [[NSBatchDeleteRequest alloc] initWithFetchRequest:request];
    batchRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
    NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchRequest error:&error];
    NSError *error = nil;
    [self.context save:&error];
}

Realm ios做10000次刪除操作。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    [realm beginWriteTransaction];
    RLMResults *results  = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d"",i]];
    StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
    [s setName:@"name"];
    [realm deleteObject:s];
    [realm commitWriteTransaction];
}

批量刪除

Coredata 批量刪除10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Student"];
    request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d""];
    NSBatchDeleteRequest *batchRequest = [[NSBatchDeleteRequest alloc] initWithFetchRequest:request];
    batchRequest.resultType = NSUpdatedObjectsCountResultType;
    NSBatchUpdateResult *batchResult = [self.context executeRequest:batchRequest error:&error];
}
NSError *error = nil;
[self.context save:&error];

Realm ios批量刪除10000條數(shù)據(jù)。

[realm beginWriteTransaction];
for (int i=0; i<10000; i++) {
    RLMResults *results  = [StudentRLM objectsWhere: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"studentId = "studentId%d"",i]];
    StudentRLM *s = results.firstObject;
    [s setName:@"name"];
    [realm deleteObject:s];
}
[realm commitWriteTransaction];

ios 測(cè)試結(jié)果及分析

下面給出測(cè)試結(jié)果，表格中所有數(shù)據(jù)的單位是秒，即做10000次操作需要的秒數(shù)。

可以看到，Coredata除了批量插入性能是最好的以外，其他項(xiàng)性能都一般。

Realm ios和Realm android性能非常相似，批量操作性能優(yōu)異，但是非批量操作性能一般?？梢赃@樣總結(jié)，如果代碼高內(nèi)聚，可以把數(shù)據(jù)操作代碼入口都統(tǒng)一使用，Realm性能是最好的，但這對(duì)代碼質(zhì)量、模塊設(shè)計(jì)有要求，當(dāng)操作數(shù)據(jù)的代碼到處都有，不能使用批量接口時(shí)，Realm的性能是不好的。

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