摘要：編碼為添加交互編寫(xiě)測(cè)試在包中新建測(cè)試類進(jìn)行測(cè)試測(cè)試文件上點(diǎn)右鍵測(cè)試就可以了。稍后會(huì)看到手機(jī)自動(dòng)運(yùn)行，并按照測(cè)試代碼中寫(xiě)的進(jìn)行自動(dòng)測(cè)試。

單元測(cè)試

UI 測(cè)試

原文鏈接： Unit and UI Testing in Android Studio

配置

編碼

測(cè)試

2.1.1 IDE 配置
Build Variants => Test Artifact => Android Instrumentation Tests

2.1.2 build.gradle

apply plugin: "com.android.application"

android {
    compileSdkVersion 22
    buildToolsVersion "22.0.1"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.testing.testingexample"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 22
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        //ADD THIS LINE:
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro"
        }
    }

    //ADD THESE LINES:
    packagingOptions {
        exclude "LICENSE.txt"
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: "libs", include: ["*.jar"])
    compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.0.0" //← MAKE SURE IT’S 22.0.0
    testCompile "junit:junit:4.12"

    //ADD THESE LINES:
    androidTestCompile "com.android.support.test:runner:0.2"
    androidTestCompile "com.android.support.test:rules:0.2"
    androidTestCompile "com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.1"
}

重要：由于一些依賴版本沖突，你需要確認(rèn)com.android.support:appcompat-v7庫(kù)的版本號(hào)是22.0.0，像上面的代碼片段一樣。

2.2.1 為 app 添加交互

activity_main.xml

MainActivity.java

public void sayHello(View v){
    TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
    EditText editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);
    textView.setText("Hello, " + editText.getText().toString() + "!");
}

2.2.2 編寫(xiě)測(cè)試

在 androidTest 包中新建測(cè)試類
MainActivityInstrumentationTest.java

import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.LargeTest;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.closeSoftKeyboard;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.typeText;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@LargeTest
public class MainActivityInstrumentationTest {

    private static final String STRING_TO_BE_TYPED = "Peter";

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(
        MainActivity.class);

    @Test
    public void sayHello(){
        onView(withId(R.id.editText)).perform(typeText(STRING_TO_BE_TYPED), closeSoftKeyboard()); //line 1

        onView(withText("Say hello!")).perform(click()); //line 2

        String expectedText = "Hello, " + STRING_TO_BE_TYPED + "!";
        onView(withId(R.id.textView)).check(matches(withText(expectedText))); //line 3
    }

}

測(cè)試文件上點(diǎn)右鍵 Run 測(cè)試就可以了。
稍后會(huì)看到手機(jī)自動(dòng)運(yùn)行 app，并按照測(cè)試代碼中寫(xiě)的進(jìn)行自動(dòng)測(cè)試。